Publications
2012Gómez-Barrea, Alberto; Leckner, Bo; Villanueva Perales, A.L; Campoy, M: Analytical solutions of sharp interface models with nth order kinetics.. Chemical Engineering Journal, 183 pp. 408-421.
2011Bäfver, Linda S; Leckner, Bo; Tullin, Claes; Berntsen, Morten: Particle emissions from pellets stoves and modern and old-type wood stoves. Biomass and Bioenergy, 35 (8) pp. 3 6 4 8-3 6 5 5.
Fleig, Daniel; Andersson, Klas; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo: Conversion of Sulfur during Pulverized Oxy-coal Combustion. Energy & Fuels, 25 pp. 647-655.
Gómez-Barrea, Alberto; Leckner, Bo; Ollero, Pedro: Biomass oxy-gasification integrated into a coal oxy-boiler. . Proceedings of 19th European Biomass Conference, 06-09 June 2011, Berlin (Germany).,
Gómez-Barrea, Alberto; Ollero, Pedro; Leckner, Bo: Methods to improve the performance of fluidized bed biomass gasifiers. . Proceeding of 2nd European Conference on Polygeneration,30th March-1st April, 2011– Tarragona, Spain , (Paper ABS 20.)
Johansson, Robert; Andersson, Klas; Leckner, Bo; Johnsson, Filip: Account for variations in the H 2 O to CO 2 molar ratio when modelling gaseous radiatve heat transfer with the weighted-sum-of-grey-gases model. Combustion and Flame, 158 (5) pp. 893-901.
Kühnemuth, Daniel; Normann, Fredrik; Andersson, Klas; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo: Reburning of Nitric Oxide in Oxy-Fuel Firing-The Influence of Combustion Conditions. Energy & Fuels, 25 pp. 624-631.
Leckner, Bo: Developments in fluidized bed conversion during 2005-2010, a summary from the member countries of the IEA-FBC implementing agreement. Göteborg : Chalmers University of Technology.
Leckner, Bo: Fluidised bed combustion of biomass. 9th European Conference on industrial furnaces and boilers, ISBN/ISSN: 978-972-99309-6-6
Leckner, Bo; Szentannai, Pál; Winter, Franz: Scale-up of fluidized-bed combustion – A review . Fuel, 90 (10) pp. 2951-2964 .
Normann, Fredrik; Andersson, Klas; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo: Control of Nitrogen Oxides in Oxy-Fuel Combustion. Proceedings of the 9th European Conference in Industrial Furnaces and Boilers,
Normann, Fredrik; Andersson, Klas; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo: NOx reburning in oxy-fuel combustion: A comparison between solid and gaseous fuels. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 5 pp. 120-126.
Normann, Fredrik; Andersson, Klas; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo: The Control of Nitrogen Oxides in Oxy-Fuel Combustion. Proceeding of the 5th International Conference on Clean Coal Technologies,
2010Gómez Barea, Alberto; Leckner, Bo: Gasification of biomass and waste. Handbook of Combustion, ISBN/ISSN: 978-3-527-32449-1
Gómez Barea, Alberto; Leckner, Bo: Modeling of biomass gasification in fluidized bed. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 36 (4) pp. 444–509.
Gómez-Barea, Alberto; Ollero, Pedro; Leckner, Bo: Improving char and tar conversion in fluiidized bed gasification. Second International Symposium on Gasification and its Application,
Johansson, Robert; Andersson, Klas; Leckner, Bo; Thunman, Henrik: Models for gaseous radiative heat transfer applied to oxy-fuel conditions in boilers. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 53 (1-3) pp. 220-230.
Kühnemuth, Daniel; Normann, Fredrik; Andersson, Klas; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo: NOX REBURNING IN OXY-FUEL COMBUSTION - AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION. Proc. - 27 th Annu. Pittsburgh Coal Conf. ,
Normann, Fredrik; Andersson, Klas; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo: Reburning in oxy-fuel combustion: A parametric study of the combustion chemistry. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research , 49 (19) pp. 9088-9094.
2009Bäfver, Linda S; Rönnbäck, Marie; Leckner, Bo; Claesson, Frida; Tullin, Claes: Particle emission from combustion of oat grain and its potential reduction by addition. Fuel Processing Technology, 90 pp. 353-359.
Fleig, Daniel; Kühnemuth, Daniel; Normann, Fredrik; Andersson, Klas; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo: Sulphur chemistry in oxy-fuel combustion. VDI-Berichte, 2056 (24. Deutscher Flammentag) pp. 289-294. ISBN/ISSN: 978-3-18-092056-6
Fleig, Daniel; Andersson, Klas; Kühnemuth, Daniel; Normann, Fredrik; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo: The Sulphur Mass Balance in Oxy-Fuel Combustion of Lignite. 1st OXYFUEL COMBUSTION CONFERENCE: September 8-11, 2009, Cottbus, Germany,
Fleig, Daniel; Normann, Fredrik; Andersson, Klas; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo: The fate of sulphur during oxy-fuel combustion of lignite. Energy Procedia, 1 (1) pp. 383-390.
Gómez Barea, Alberto; Leckner, Bo: Evaluation of char reaction rate in a fluidised bed gasifier: from reactivity determination to reactor simulation . Proceedings of 17th European Biomass Conference, 2009, pp. 683–689. ISBN/ISSN: ISBN:978-88-89407-57-3
Hjärtstam, Stefan; Andersson, Klas; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo: Combustion characteristics of lignite-fired oxy-fuel flames. Fuel, 88 (11) pp. 2216-2224.
Johansson, Robert; Leckner, Bo; Andersson, Klas: Account for ratios of H2O to CO2 in the calculation of thermal radiation of gases with the weighted-sum-of-grey-gases model. Sixth Mediterranean Combustion Symposium, 7-11 June, Proceedings CD,
Leckner, Bo; Szentannai, Pal; Winter, Franz: Scale-up of fluidized bed combustion. Scale-up in combustion, pp. 61-86. ISBN/ISSN: 978-3-902655-04-2
Normann, Fredrik; Andersson, Klas; Leckner, Bo; Johnsson, Filip: Emission control of nitrogen oxides in the oxy-fuel process. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 35 (5) pp. 385-397.
Normann, Fredrik; Andersson, Klas; Leckner, Bo; Johnsson, Filip: Utilization of Reburn Reactions for NOx Control in Oxy-Fuel Combustion. Proceedings of AIChE 2009 annual meeting,
2008Andersson, Klas; Normann, Fredrik; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo: NO Emission during Oxy-Fuel Combustion of Lignite. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 47 (6) pp. 1835-1845.
Andersson, Klas; Johansson, Robert; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo: Radiation Intensity of Propane-Fired Oxy-Fuel Flames: Implications for Soot Formation . Energy & Fuels, 22 (3) pp. 1535-1541.
Andersson, Klas; Johansson, Robert; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo; Hjärtstam, Stefan: Radiation intensity of lignite-fired oxy-fuel flames. Experimental thermal and fluid science, 33 (1) pp. 67-76.
Andersson, Klas; Johansson, Robert; Leckner, Bo; Johnsson, Filip; Hjärtstam, Stefan: Radiation measurements and modeling of lignite-fired oxy-fuel flames. Scandinavian-Nordic Section of the Combustion Institute – Measuring techniques in Combustion, October 23-24, 2008 ,
Davidsson, Kent; Åmand, Lars-Erik; Steenari, Britt-Marie; Elled, Anna-Lena; Eskilsson, David; Leckner, Bo: Countermeasures against alkali-related problems during combustion of biomass in a circulating fluidized bed boiler. Chemical Engineering Science, 63 pp. 5314-5329.
Frigerio, Simone; Thunman, Henrik; Leckner, Bo; Hermansson, Sven: Estimation of gas phase mixing in packed beds. Combustion and Flame, 153 pp. 137-148.
Gómez Barea, Alberto; Leckner, Bo: Char gasification model for circulating fluidized beds. Proceedings of the 16th European Biomass Conference & Exhibition, 2008 pp. 747-755. ISBN/ISSN: ISBN 978-88-89407-58-1
Gómez Barea, Alberto; Leckner, Bo; Campoy, Martín: Conversion of char in CFB gasifiers. Circulating Fluidized Bed Technology IX, 9 pp. 727-732. ISBN/ISSN: 978-3-930400-57-7
Gómez-Barrea, Alberto; Leckner, Bo; Santana, Domingo; Ollero, Pedro: Gas–solid conversion in fluidised bed reactors. Chemical Engineering Journal, 141 pp. 151-168.
Johansson, Linda S.; Leckner, Bo; Tullin, C.; Åmand, Lars-Erik; Davidsson, Kent: Properties of Particles in the Fly Ash of a Biofuel-Fired Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) Boiler . Energy & Fuels, 22 (5) pp. 3015-3015.
Johansson, Robert; Andersson, Klas; Leckner, Bo; Thunman, Henrik: Evaluation of gas radiation modelling in oxy-fired furn. 3rd IEA-GHG Oxyfuel Workshop, Yokohama (Japan), 4-6 March 2008,
Leckner, Bo: The role of CFB in co-combustion. Circulating Fluidized Bed Technology IX, 9 pp. 827-832. ISBN/ISSN: 978-3-930400-57-7
Munts, V.A.; Pavliok, E. Yu.; Baskakov, A.P.; Leckner, Bo: Transient processes in a boiler with circulating fluidized bed. Circulating Fluidized Bed Technology IX, 9 pp. 547-552. ISBN/ISSN: 978-3-930400-57-7
Normann, Fredrik; Andersson, Klas; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo: High temperature reduction of nitrogen oxides. 3rd IEA-GHG Oxyfuel Workshop, Yokohama (Japan), 4-6 March 2008,
Normann, Fredrik; Andersson, Klas; Leckner, Bo; Johnsson, Filip: High-temperature reduction of nitrogen oxides in oxy-fuel combustion. Fuel, 87 (17-18) pp. 3579-3585.
Palchonok, G.I.; Rabinovich, O.S.; Chorolskaya, S.V.; Vasilevich, S.V.; Borodulya, V.A.; Leckner, Bo; Johnsson, J.E.; Tullin, C.: The change of the characteristics of particles of natural biomass and pellets during thermochimical conversion in fluidized bed (in Russian). Tezisi, VI Minsk Internationational Heat and Mass Transfer Forum, 2 pp. 149-151. ISBN/ISSN: 978-985-6456-59-9
Sreekanth, M; Kolar, Ajit Kumar; Leckner, Bo: A semi-analytical model to predict primary fragmentation of wood in a bubbling fluidized bed combustor . Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis , 83 (1) pp. 88-100 .
Sreekanth, M; Renu Kumar, R; Kolar, Ajit Kumar; Leckner, Bo: Estimation of wood char size at the end of devolatilization in a bubbling fluidized bed combustor . Fuel, 87 (15-16) pp. 3393-3402.
Sreekanth, M; Sudhakar, Ruben; Prasad, BVSSS; Kolar, Ajit Kumar; Leckner, Bo: Modelling and experimental investigation of devolatilizing wood in a fluidized bed combustor. Fuel, 87 (12) pp. 2698-2712.
Sreekanth, M; Prasad, BVSSS; Kolar, A.K.; Thunman, Henrik; Leckner, Bo: Stresses in a Cylindrical Wood Particle Undergoing Devolatilization in a Hot Bubbling Fluidized Bed . Energy & Fuels, 22 (3) pp. 1549-1559.
Sreekanth, M; Kolar, Ajit Kumar; Leckner, Bo: Transient thermal behaviour of a cylindrical wood particle during devolatilization in a bubbling fluidized bed . Fuel Processing Technology , 89 (9) pp. 838-850 .
Sudhakar, D. R.; Srinivas Reddy, K.; Kolar, Ajit Kumar; Leckner, Bo: Fragmentation of wood char in a laboratory scale fluidized bed combustor. Fuel Processing Technology, 89 (11) pp. 1121-1134.
2007Andersson, Klas; Normann, Fredrik; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo: Nitrogen chemistry in a 100kW lignite fired oxy-fuel combustor. 15th IFRF Members Conference, June 13-15, 2007, Pisa, Italy,
Bergenblock, Tobias; Onofri, Fabrice; Leckner, Bo; Tadrist, Lounès: Experimental estimation of particle flow fluctuations in dense unsteady two-phase flow using phase Doppler anemometry. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 33 pp. 849-872.
Davidsson, Kent; Åmand, Lars-Erik; Elled, Anna-Lena; Leckner, Bo: Effect of Cofiring Coal and Biofuel with Sewage Sludge on Alkali. Energy & Fuels, 21 pp. 3180-3188.
Davidsson, Kent; Åmand, Lars-Erik; Leckner, Bo; Kovacevik, Borka; Svane, Maria; Hagström, Magnus; Pettersson, Jan B. C.; Pettersson, Jesper; Asteman, Henrik; Svensson, Jan-Erik; Johansson, Lars-Gunnar: Potassium, chlorine, and sulfur in ash, particles, deposits, and corrosion during wood combustion in a circulating fluidized-bed boiler . Energy & Fuels, 21 (1) pp. 71-81.
Elled, Anna-Lena; Åmand, Lars-Erik; Leckner, Bo; Andersson, Bengt-Åke: The fate of trace elements in fluidised bed combustion of sewage sludge and wood . Fuel, 86 (5-6) pp. 843-852.
, ; Yogesh Kumar, M; Prasad, BVSSS; Leckner, Bo: Optimal Feed Injection Velocity in a Fluidized Bed Reactor-a CFD Study. Seventh Asian Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference, 7 pp. Paper No.12.4.
Gómez Barea, Alberto; Leckner, Bo; Ollero, Pedro: An engineering model for devolatilisation and oxidation in Biomass Gasifiers. Proceedings of the 15th European Biomass Conference & Exhibition - From research to market Deployment, Berlin, Germany, 7-11 May 2007, pp. W1515.
Gómez Barea, Alberto; Ollero, Pedro; Leckner, Bo: Mass transport effects during measurements of gas-solid reaction kinetics in a fluidised bed. Chemical Engineering Science, 62 pp. 1477-1493.
Gómez Barea, Alberto; Thunman, Henrik; Leckner, Bo; Campoy, Martín; Ollero, Pedro: Prediction of gas composition in biomass gasifiers.. 2nd International Congress of Energy and Environment Engineering and Management (IICIIEM2007). , pp. ER-030.
Gómez-Barea, Alberto; Leckner, Bo; Campoy, Martín: Approximate prediction of gas-solid conversion in fluidized bed reactors. Fluidization XII, pp. 639-646. ISBN/ISSN: 978-0-918902-57-3
Johansson, Andreas; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo: Solids back-mixing in CFB boilers. Chemical Engineering Science, 62 pp. 561-573.
Johansson, Robert; Thunman, Henrik; Leckner, Bo: Influence of intraparticle gradients in modeling of fixed bed combustion . Combustion and Flame, 149 pp. 49-62.
Johansson, Robert; Thunman, Henrik; Leckner, Bo: Sensitivity Analysis of a Fixed Bed Combustion Model. Energy & Fuels, 21 (3) pp. 1493-1503.
Leckner, Bo: Co-combustion - A summary of technology. Thermal Science, 11 (4) pp. 5-40.
Leckner, Bo: Co-combustion a summary of technology. ISBN/ISSN: 978-91-633-0295-4
Leckner, Bo: Zero emission coal technologies-a summary. IX Eeunión del Grupo Espanol del Carbón, pp. 7-10. ISBN/ISSN: 84-611-9858-0
Normann, Fredrik; Andersson, Klas; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo: Nitrogen Oxides in Oxy-Fuel Combustion. 4th Biennial Meeting of the Scandinavian-Nordic Section of the Combustion Institute, November 5-6 2007, Åbo, Finland ,
Sasic, Srdjan; Leckner, Bo; Johnsson, Filip: Characterization of fluid dynamics of fluidized beds by analysis of pressure fluctuations . Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, (33) pp. 453-496.
Thunman, Henrik; Åmand, Lars-Erik; Leckner, Bo; Johnsson, Filip: o A cost effective concept for generation of heat, electricity and transport fuel from biomass in fluidized bed boilers – using existing energy infrastructure. Proceedings of the 15th European Biomass Conference & Exhibition - From research to market Deployment, Berlin, Germany, 7-11 May 2007, ,
2006Bergenblock, Tobias; Leckner, Bo; Onofri, Fabrice; Occelli, René; Tadrist, Lounès: Averaging of particle data from phase Doppler. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 32 pp. 248-268.
Edvardsson, Elin; Åmand, Lars-Erik; Thunman, Henrik; Leckner, Bo; Johnsson, Filip: Measuring the External Solids Flux in a CFB boiler. 19th FBC Conferance, May 21-24, Vienna Austria, ISBN/ISSN: 3-200-00645-5
Edvardsson, Elin; Åmand, Lars-Erik; Thunman, Henrik; Leckner, Bo: Solids Distribution and Gas Concentrations in the Furnace of a CFB Boiler during Co-Combustion of Bituminous Coal with Municipal Sewage Sludge. Investigation of Solids Distribution and External Solids Flux in a Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler,
Elled, Anna-Lena; Åmand, Lars-Erik; Leckner, Bo; Andersson, Bengt-Åke: Influence of phosphorus on sulphur capture during co-firing. Fuel, 85 pp. 1671-1678.
Ghirelli, Federico; Hermansson, Sven; Thunman, Henrik; Leckner, Bo: Reactor residence time analysis with CFD. Progress in computational fluid dynamics, 6 (4/5) pp. 241-247.
Go´mez-Barea, Alberto; Leckner, Bo; Ollero, Pedro; Ferna´ndez-Baco, Custodia; Salvador, Luis: Reduction of Physical Effects during Reactivity Tests in Fluidized Bed. Industrial Enggineering Chemical Research, 45 (21) pp. 7344-7350.
Hermansson, Sven; Olausson, Christian; Thunman, Henrik; Rönnbäck, Marie; Leckner, Bo: Combustion Disturbances in the Fuel Bed of Grate Furnaces. Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Industrial Furnaces and Boilers, 18-21 April 2006, Porto, Portugal, ISBN/ISSN: 972-99309-1-0
Johansson, Robert; Thunman, Henrik; Leckner, Bo: A model for simulation of fixed bed combustion. Modelling of biofuel combustion in fixed beds,
Johansson, Robert; Thunman, Henrik; Leckner, Bo: Influence of intra-particle gradients in modelling of fixed bed combustion. Thirty-first international symposium on combustion,
Kolar, Ajit Kumar; Leckner, Bo: Scaling of CFB boiler hydrodynamics. Advances in Energy Research, December 4-5, IIT Bombay, Mumbay, McMillan India Ltd, pp. 34-40. ISBN/ISSN: 10: 0230-63006-5
Kumar, Renu; Kolar, Ajit; Leckner, Bo: Shrinkage characteristics of Casuarina wood during devolatilization. Biomass and Bioenergy, 30 pp. 153-165.
Leckner, Bo: DEVELOPMENT OF FLUIDIZED BED COMBUSTION AND ITS APPLICATION IN POWER PLANTS. POWER PLANTS 2006, Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia and Montenegro / edited by Predrag Stefanovic, ISBN/ISSN: ISBN 86-7877-009-0
Leckner, Bo: Heat and Mass Transfer. Multiphase Flow Handbook / edited by Clayton Crowe, pp. 5.30-5.55. ISBN/ISSN: 0-8493-1280-9
Leckner, Bo; Sasic, Srdjan: Some aspects of CFD modelling for circulating fluidized-bed converters. National Conference on CFD Applications in Power and Industry Sectors, India,
Rönnbäck, Marie; Leckner, Bo; Tullin, Claes; Thunman, Henrik; Samuelsson, Jessica: Förbränningsförlopp i en bädd av biobränsle III.
Samuelsson, Jessica; Tullin, Claes; Leckner, Bo: Omvandling av bränslekväve i en biobränslebädd.
Sasic, Srdjan; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo: Inlet boundary conditions for the simulation of fluid dynamics in gas-solid fluidized beds. Chemical Engineering Science, 61 pp. 5183-5195.
Sasic, Srdjan; Leckner, Bo; Johnsson, Filip: Time-frequency investigation of different modes of bubble flow in a gas-solid fluidized bed. Chemical Engineering Journal, 121 (1) pp. 27-35.
Åmand, Lars-Erik; Leckner, Bo; Eskilsson, David; Tullin, Claes: Ash deposition on heat transfer tubes during combustion of demolition wood. Energy & Fuels, 20 pp. 1001-1007.
Åmand, Lars-Erik; Leckner, Bo; Eskilsson, David; Tullin, Claes: Deposits on heat transfer tubes during co-combustion of biofuels and sewage sludge. Fuel, 85 (10-11) pp. 1313-1322.
2005Elled, Anna-Lena; Åmand, Lars-Erik; Andersson, Bengt-Åke; Leckner, Bo: Phosphorous in ash from co-combustion of municipal sewage sludge with wood in a CFB boiler: a comparison of experimental data with predictions by a thermodynamic equilibrium model. Proceedings of FBC2005, 18th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion, 18 pp. FBC2005-78072.
Eskilsson, David; Tullin, Claes; Åmand, Lars-Erik; Leckner, Bo: Deposition on heat transfer tubes during co-combustion of demolition wood and sewage sludge. Swedish-Finnish Flame Days 2005, International Flame Research Foundation / edited by Åse Myrhinger, pp. 79-87. ISBN/ISSN: ISBN 91-7178-185-4
Gulyurtlu, Ibrahim; Boavida, Dulce; Lopes, Helena; Granja, P; Lundberg, Elin; Thunman, Henrik; Åmand, Lars-Erik; Leckner, Bo; Werther, Joachim; Hartge, Ernst-Ulrich; Klett, Cornelis; Salatino, Piero; Scala, Fabricio; Chirone, Ricardo; Pratola, F; Repetto, F: Production of fines durin co-combustion of coal with biomass fuels by fragmentation and attrition. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds, 8 pp. 565-573.
Hermansson, Sven; Olausson, Christian; Thunman, Henrik; Rönnbäck, Marie; Leckner, Bo: Combustion Disturbances Related to the Fuel Bed in Grate Furnaces. Swedish-Finnish Flame Days 2005, 1 (1) pp. 150-158. ISBN/ISSN: 91-7178-185-4
Johansson, Andreas; Song, Byung-ho; Johnsson, Filip; Åmand, Lars-Erik; Leckner, Bo: Dynamics of in-furnace processes in CFB furnaces. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Circulating fluidized beds; Hangzhou, China.; Editor Kefa Cen, 8 pp. 159-166.
Johansson, Andreas; Johnsson, Filip; Leckner, Bo; Gadowski, Jacek: Solods back-mixing in CFB furnaces. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized beds, 8 pp. 151-158.
Johansson, L.S.; Leckner, Bo; Gustavsson, L.; Cooper, D.; Tullin, C.; Potter, A.; Berntsen, M.: Particle Emissions from Residential Biofuel Boilers and Stoves - Old and Modern Techniques. Seminar on Aerosols from Biomass Combustion, IEA Bioenergy, Task 32, Graz, 16-18 March 2005, pp. 5.
Johansson, Robert; Thunman, Henrik; Leckner, Bo: Limitations of the prous medium approximation in modelling of fixed bed combustion. Swedish - Finnish flamedays 2005, ISBN/ISSN: 91-7178-185-4
Klason, T.; Bai, X.S.; Ghirelli, Federico; Thunman, Henrik; Leckner, Bo: A CFD simulation of a 31 MW district heating boiler. Swedish-Finnish Flame Days 2005, International Flame Research Foundation / edited by Åse Myrhinger, pp. 237-251. ISBN/ISSN: ISBN 91-7178-185-4
Leckner, Bo: Fluidized Bed Combustion: Simeon N. Oka, Marcel Decker Inc., 2004, ISBN 0-8247-4699-6 . Energy, 30 (1) pp. 97-99.